Born: April 15, 1812; Paris, France
Died: December 22, 1867; Barbizon, France
Nationality: French
Art Movement: Realism, Barbizon school
Genre: landscape
Field: painting
Influenced on: Narcisse-Virgilio Diaz
Friends/Co-workers: Jean-Francois Millet, Camille Corot
Théodore Rousseau was a French painter of the Barbizon school, born in a bourgeois family in Paris, France.
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| Théodore Rousseau |
He had exhibited six works in the Salons of 1831, 1833, 1834 and 1835, but in 1836, one of his masterpieces, “Paysage du Jura”, was rejected at the Salon exhibition.
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| La descente des vaches dans le Jura Théodore Rousseau |
Then, between 1836 and 1841, he submitted a total of eight additional works to the Salon, but none of them were accepted. Disappointed by this, Rousseau no longer sent his works to the Salon until 1849, when all three of his submissions were accepted.
In 1851, his masterpiece "The Edge of the Forest", similar in treatment to, but slightly different in subject from, the work "A Glade in the Forest of Fontainebleau”, in the Wallace Collection at Hertford House, London, was exhibited.
In 1851, his masterpiece "The Edge of the Forest", similar in treatment to, but slightly different in subject from, the work "A Glade in the Forest of Fontainebleau”, in the Wallace Collection at Hertford House, London, was exhibited.
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| Edge of the Forest at Fontainebleau, Setting Sun Théodore Rousseau |
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| A Glade in the Forest of Fontainebleau Théodore Rousseau, Wallace Collection |
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| Wallace Collection |
Rousseau only occasionally had lived at Barbizon until this time, but from 1848 he lived in this forest village and spent most of his remaining life nearby.
Then, Rousseau suffered a series of misfortunes, including his wife's deteriorating mental health and almost no patrons. Also, in 1863, while visiting the Alps, sketching Mont Blanc, he became seriously ill with pneumonia and, after returning to Barbizon, suffered from insomnia, making his body gradually weakened.
He was elected president of the fine-art jury for the 1867 Exposition, but in August he became paralyzed. He recovered slightly, but again suffered several times in the fall.
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| Forest of Fontainebleau |
Then, Rousseau suffered a series of misfortunes, including his wife's deteriorating mental health and almost no patrons. Also, in 1863, while visiting the Alps, sketching Mont Blanc, he became seriously ill with pneumonia and, after returning to Barbizon, suffered from insomnia, making his body gradually weakened.
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| Mont Blanc, Alps |
His condition worsened in November 1867, and he eventually died in the presence of his lifelong friend and most admired painter Jean-François Millet, on December 22, 1867, who assumed charge of Rousseau's ill wife at his death.
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| The Sheepfold, Jean François Millet |
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