How are you?
Following the last week, I am going to
start my 52nd lecture.
I had conducted music lectures at Art
Collage JANG in Seoul, South Korea every Saturday from March 2015 to December
2017.
I am going to introduce the lecture by
the lecture’s order every Saturday.
The 8th theme of “The history of Jazz”
I will introduce this week is “Cool Jazz”. It is a summary of the contents of
“52nd ACJ Music Academy, The history of Jazz: 8. Cool Jazz”, which was introduced
on June 18, 2016.
“Cool Jazz” is a
genre of modern jazz music that originated in the United States after World War
II. It is characterized by its comfortable tempo and light tone. Cool Jazz, contrasted
with the tense and complex Bebop style, often uses formal arrangements and
elements of classical music. In addition, it is a jazz style that gives more
comfort and a sense of stability than other jazz genres that existed at the
same time.
The term “Cool” began to be used for the music in this atmosphere
after the release of Capitol Records' album <Classics in Jazz: Cool and
Quiet> in 1953.
Mark C. Gridley of ‘All Music Guide to Jazz’ identified
music categories belonging to Cool Jazz, among which are included the music in
the album of <Birth of the Cool> by ‘Miles Davis’, the works of the ‘Modern
Jazz Quartet’, the music of Gerry Mulligan, especially with Chet Baker and Bob
Brookmeyer, and the works of George Shearing and Stan Getz.
Birth of the Cool, Miles Davis (1957)
Miles Davis
American
jazz critic Ted Gioia has identified Cornet player ‘Bix Beiderbecke’ as early
progenitors of the Cool Jazz. Beiderbecke alleviated strong rhythmic impact of
jazz by employing complex techniques such as unusual harmonies and whole tone
scales in favor of maintaining melodic flow.
Bix Beiderbecke
Cool
Jazz is often used synonymously with “West Coast Jazz”. For the background, Gerry
Mulligan and his colleagues in California often referred "West Coast
Jazz" despite the fact that Lester Young, Claude Thornhill, and Miles
Davis were based in New York at the time. With frequent use of the term, “West
Coast Jazz” has gradually become synonymous with “Cool Jazz”.
Chet Baker
Cool
jazz has influenced various music genres such as bossa nova, modal jazz, and even
free jazz.
Some critics argue that Hard Bop was developed, which will be
introduced in next week, with the remarkable popularity decline of Bebop and to
the response of Cool Jazz which was very popular at the time.
Stan Getz
You can also review this lecture from
following media.
Next week, I will introduce you “Hard
Bop” as the 9th theme of “The history of Jazz” lectures.
Thank you.
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